Table 1 Summary comparison of existing STEM education models
From: The S-T-E-M Quartet
Models | Framework for STEM integration in the classroom (Moore et al. 2014) | Situated STEM Learning (Kelley and Knowles 2016) | STSS (Banks and Barlex 2014) | Learning Standards Framework of STEAM Classes (Korea Foundation and for the Advancement of Science and Creativity 2016) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Areas of focus | ||||
 Authentic real-world problems | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
 Engineering practice and design as means of integration | Yes | Yes | No | No |
 Standard based learning outcomes is considered | Yes | No | No | No |
 Science inquiry | Limited | Yes | No | Yes |
 Twenty-first century skills | Yes | Limited | Yes | Yes |
 Consideration on context | Limited | Yes | No | Yes |
 Connections between disciplines | No | No | No | No |