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Table 2 Practices in the US standards for Mathematics and Sciences.

From: The S-T-E-M Quartet

Mathematical practices

Scientific and engineering practices

Understand problems and devise solutions

Raise questions and define problems

Rely largely on abstract reasoning and quantitative solutions

Develop and use models

Construct logical arguments and apply them in the critique of reasoning by others

Plan and carry out investigations to collect empirical data

Engage mathematical modeling

Analyse and interpret data collected from investigations

Use tools (such as graphing tools etc.) strategically

Apply mathematical and computational thinking to make sense of data

Focus on precision

Craft explanations and design solutions

Look for and apply structure

Engage in argumentation from evidence

Use patterns and regularity in reasoning

Evaluate and communicate information